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1 voltage reference element
элемент опорного напряжения
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[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > voltage reference element
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2 voltage reference element
network element — элемент схемы; элемент цепи; элемент сети
circuit element — схемный элемент; элемент схемы
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3 voltage reference element
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > voltage reference element
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4 voltage reference element
1) Компьютерная техника: схема опорного напряжения2) Вычислительная техника: схема (подачи) опорного напряжения, схема подачи опорного напряженияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > voltage reference element
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5 voltage reference element
English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > voltage reference element
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6 voltage reference element
English-Russian dictionary of computer science > voltage reference element
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7 element
2) элемент ( составная часть)•- adding element
- analog element
- analog-digital element
- AND element
- anticoincidence element
- arithmetic element
- array element
- biax magnetic element
- biconditional element
- binary element
- bistable element
- central processing element
- character element
- charge-coupled device storage element
- circuit element
- clocked element
- code element
- coincidence element
- column element
- combinational logic element
- comparison element
- complex element
- compound logical element
- computer element
- computing element
- connection element
- coupling element
- critical element
- data element
- dead time element
- decision element
- delay element
- destructive readout element
- destructive read element
- detector element
- diagonal element
- digitally controlled element
- dimension element
- display element
- DRO element
- dynamic element
- element of integration
- element of list
- equivalence element
- equivalent-to element
- essential elements of information
- exclusive OR element
- fanout element
- ferrite element
- fiber optics element
- final control element
- fluid-jet element
- functional element
- generating element
- Goto-pair memory element
- human element
- identity element
- image element
- inclusive OR element
- input element
- inverting element
- irreversible element
- lagging element
- level resetting element
- lexical element
- library element
- lineal element
- linear element
- list element
- logical element
- logic element
- magnetic multiaperture element
- majority decision element
- majority element
- march element
- material equivalence element
- matrix element
- memory element
- metastable memory element
- micrologic element
- multiple aperture logic element
- named element
- NAND element
- NDRO element
- negation element
- network element
- NIPO element
- nondestructive readout element
- nondestructive read element
- nonequivalence element
- nonequivalent-to element
- nonlinear element
- NOR element
- NOT AND element
- NOT element
- NOT OR element
- one element
- OR element
- output element
- parametric element
- partition queue element
- phantom element
- picture element
- PINO element
- predecessor element
- primitive element
- primitive logic element
- processing element
- processor element
- queue element
- range element
- reader element
- reference element
- row element
- sensing element
- sequential logic element
- servo element
- shared circuit element
- single-crystal element
- smallest element
- source element
- start element
- state element
- stop element
- storage element
- supercompact element
- surface element
- switching element
- threshold element
- time element
- time-delay element
- time-lag element
- top element
- transmitting element
- tunnel effect element
- type element
- unidirectional element
- unit element
- voltage reference element
- voltage-output element
- vote-taking element
- voting element
- word selection elementEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > element
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8 voltage
1) напряжение, разность потенциалов2) потенциал•- accelerating voltagevoltage across — напряжение на (напр. зажимах)
- acceleration voltage
- active voltage
- actuating voltage
- allowable voltage
- alternating voltage
- anode voltage
- anode breakdown voltage
- anode-cathode voltage
- anode-to-cathode voltage
- applied voltage
- arc voltage
- arc-drop voltage
- asymptotic breakdown voltage
- avalanche voltage
- avalanche breakdown voltage
- average voltage
- back voltage
- balanced voltages
- barrier voltage
- base voltage
- baseband voltage
- base-to-emitter voltage
- bath voltage
- bias voltage
- birefringence threshold voltage
- black-out voltage
- blanking voltage
- blocking voltage
- blue video voltage
- booster voltage
- branch voltage
- breakdown voltage
- breakover voltage
- bridge supply voltage
- bucking voltage
- built-in voltage
- bus voltage
- calibration voltage
- capacitor voltage
- catcher voltage
- cathode voltage
- cathode sheath voltage
- cathode storage-element equilibrium voltage
- cell voltage
- charge voltage
- circuit voltage
- clamp voltage
- clock voltage
- closed-circuit voltage
- coercive voltage
- collector voltage
- collector breakdown voltage
- collector storage-element equilibrium voltage
- collector-to-base voltage
- collector-to-emitter voltage
- color voltage
- commercial-frequency voltage
- common-mode voltage
- commutating voltage
- compensating voltage
- complex voltage
- compliance voltage
- composite controlling voltage
- computer voltage
- constant voltage
- contact voltage
- control voltage
- control-circuit voltage
- convergence voltage
- corona start voltage
- counter voltage
- crest voltage
- critical voltage
- critical anode voltage
- critical grid voltage
- crossover voltage
- current-resistance voltage
- cutoff voltage
- dc voltage
- decelerating voltage
- decomposition voltage
- deflecting voltage
- derivative voltage
- dielectric breakdown voltage
- differential-mode voltage
- dipole voltage
- dipole barrier voltage
- direct voltage
- discharge voltage
- disruptive discharge voltage
- domain voltage
- drain voltage
- driving voltage
- drop-away voltage
- drop-out voltage
- effective voltage
- electric voltage
- electrode voltage
- emitter voltage
- equilibrium voltage
- error voltage
- excess voltage
- excess domain voltage
- excitation voltage
- extinction voltage
- extinguishing voltage
- extra-high voltage
- Faraday voltage
- field voltage
- filament voltage
- final voltage
- firing voltage
- first breakdown voltage
- first crossover voltage
- flashback voltage
- flashover voltage
- flat-band voltage
- floating voltage
- fluctuation voltage
- flyback voltage
- focusing voltage
- formation voltage
- forming voltage
- forward voltage
- forward breakover voltage
- forward gate voltage
- fuel-cell voltage
- gate voltage
- gate nontrigger voltage
- gate trigger voltage
- gate turn-off voltage
- generated voltage
- gradient-established storage-element equilibrium voltage
- green-video voltage
- grid voltage
- half-wave voltage
- Hall voltage
- heater voltage
- high voltage
- high-level voltage
- holding voltage
- ignition voltage
- impressed voltage
- induced voltage
- inflection-point voltage
- initial voltage
- initial inverse voltage
- injected voltage
- in-phase voltage
- input voltage
- input error voltage
- interference voltage
- internal correction voltage
- inverse voltage
- ionization voltage
- junction voltage
- keep-alive voltage
- kickback voltage
- line voltage
- link voltage
- load voltage
- logical-threshold voltage
- low-level voltage
- magnetron critical voltage
- mains voltage
- maintaining voltage
- mask voltage
- minimum off-state voltage
- neutralizing voltage
- node voltage
- node-to-datum voltage
- noise voltage
- no-load voltage
- nominal voltage
- offset voltage
- off-load voltage
- off-state voltage
- on-load voltage
- on-state voltage
- open-circuit voltage
- operating voltage
- oscillating voltage
- out-of-balance voltages
- out-of-phase voltage
- output voltage
- output offset voltage
- pace voltage
- peak voltage
- peak inverse voltage
- peak-point voltage
- peak reverse voltage
- peak-to-peak voltage
- periodic voltage
- permissible voltage
- phase voltage
- photoelectric voltage
- pickup voltage
- pinch-off voltage
- plate voltage
- polarizing voltage
- poling voltage
- primary voltage
- principal voltage
- projected peak-point voltage
- psophometric voltage
- pull-in voltage
- pulsating voltage
- pump voltage
- punch-through voltage
- puncture voltage
- push-pull voltages
- push-push -voltages
- rail voltage
- rated voltage
- rated impulse withstand voltage
- reactive voltage
- rectified voltage
- rectifier-load voltage
- red video voltage
- reference voltage
- reflector voltage
- reignition voltage
- residual voltage
- resistance voltage
- resonance voltage
- reverse voltage
- reverse-bias voltage
- reverse-bias breakdown voltage
- ripple voltage
- root-mean-square voltage
- saturation voltage
- sawtooth voltage
- scanning voltage
- screen-grid voltage
- secondary voltage
- secondary-emission crossover voltage
- second-crossover voltage
- self-breakdown voltage
- self-firing voltage
- self-induction voltage
- shot-noise voltage
- signal voltage
- single-ended input voltage
- single-ended output voltage
- sinusoidal voltage
- source voltage
- square-wave voltage
- stabilized voltage
- staircase voltage
- starter breakdown voltage
- starting voltage
- step voltage
- storage-element equilibrium voltage
- supply voltage
- surge voltage
- sweep voltage
- swing voltage
- switching voltage
- synchronousvoltage
- tank voltage
- target voltage
- temperature voltage
- thermocouple voltage
- thermoelectric voltage
- threshold voltage
- time-base voltage
- touch voltage
- tree-branch voltage
- tunnel breakdown voltage
- ultrahigh voltage
- unit step voltage
- valley voltage
- variable voltage
- working voltage
- Zener voltage -
9 voltage
1) напряжение2) потенциал3) электродвижущая сила, ЭДС•- accessible voltage
- active voltage
- actuating voltage
- allowable voltage
- alternating voltage
- antenna-induced voltage
- asymmetrical voltage
- balanced voltages
- baseband voltage
- bias voltage
- blocking voltage
- booster voltage
- breakover voltage
- calibration voltage
- cathode-storage-element equilibrium voltage
- collector storage-element equilibrium voltage
- color voltage
- convergence voltage
- cutoff voltage
- dc control voltage
- dc voltage
- direct voltage
- discharge voltage
- discharger breakdown voltage
- drop-away voltage
- drop-out voltage
- extra-low voltage
- fault voltage
- first crossover voltage
- flyback voltage
- free voltage
- glow voltage
- ground voltage
- half-wave voltage
- idling voltage
- impulse voltage
- independent source voltage
- induced voltage
- inverse-peak voltage
- line battery voltage
- line sweep voltage
- line voltage
- linear voltage
- locking voltage
- low voltage
- magnetic voltage
- mains voltage
- modulating voltage
- noise voltage
- operating voltage
- oscillating voltage
- out-off voltage
- output voltage
- peak voltage
- peak-up voltage
- phase voltage
- photoelectromotive source voltage
- primary voltage
- psophometric voltage
- pulsation voltage
- pulse voltage
- quasi-sinusoidal voltage
- quick voltage
- rated voltage
- rectangular voltage
- reduced voltage
- reference voltage
- residual voltage
- reverse recurrent voltage
- reverse voltage
- ripple voltage
- root-mean-square signal voltage
- second crossover equilibrium voltage
- signal voltage
- sinusoidal voltage
- slow sawtooth voltage
- stabilized voltage
- standard voltage
- step voltage
- stray voltage
- supply voltage
- surge voltage
- switching voltage
- system voltage
- target voltage
- terminal interference voltage
- testing voltage
- threshold voltage
- unbalanced voltage
- unstable voltage
- warning signal voltage
- working supply voltage
- zero voltageEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > voltage
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10 element
= elem1) элемент; компонент; составная часть; деталь3) pl основы; фундамент; исходные принципы; первые принципы (напр. науки)4) pl природные явления•- acoustic radiating element
- active element - antenna array element
- antenna radiating element
- array element
- asynchronous element
- base functional element
- basic functional element
- beam-shaping element
- bender element
- bilateral element
- bistable element
- branch element
- branching element
- bubble-domain readout element
- C-element
- capacitive-storage element
- charge-transfer element
- chevron propagating element
- circuit element
- code element
- collimating element - computer element
- control element
- correction element
- coupling element
- current-stable element
- data element
- data transmitting element
- decision element
- decoupling element
- delay element
- depletion element
- destructive readout element
- detector array element
- diagonal matrix element
- diagonal tensor element
- diffused element
- director element
- discrete element
- display element
- distributed element
- distributed-constant element
- domain tip readout element
- doping element
- driven element
- driving element
- dummy element
- EL element
- electrical element
- electroluminescence element
- electronegative element
- electropositive element - Faraday element
- fast element
- feed element
- ferroelectric element - final controlling element
- floating-gate element
- foreign element
- Friele line element
- fusing element
- fuze-setting element
- generating element
- Goto-pair memory element
- governing element
- heat element
- heating element
- Helmholtz line element
- high-speed element
- holographic element
- hook-up wiring element
- IC element
- idempotent element
- identity element
- image element
- impurity element
- inactive element
- initial element
- intracavity laser tuning element
- intracavity laser frequency tuning element
- Kerr element
- key element
- L-element
- lexical element
- light-dividing element
- line element
- linear electric current element
- linear magnetic current element
- logic element
- luminous element
- lumped element
- lumped-constant element
- M element
- magnetoresistance bubble readout element
- marking element
- master element
- matrix element
- memory element
- MEMS optical element
- MEMS-based optical element
- message key element
- META element
- microelectromechanical system optical element
- microelectromechanical system-based optical element
- monolithic element
- motor element
- moving meter element - negative resistance element
- nondestructive readout element - off-diagonal matrix element
- off-diagonal tensor element
- optical fiber element
- optoelectronic element
- parasitic element
- pass element
- passive element - piezoelectric-crystal element
- piezoresistive element
- planar Hall-effect bubble readout element
- plug-in element
- point-to-point wiring element
- polarization determining element
- position-finding element
- positioning element
- primary element
- primitive element
- print element
- printed element
- processing element
- propagating element
- propagation element
- R-element
- radiating element
- rare-earth element
- rectifying element
- reference element
- reference input element
- reflecting element
- reflector element
- refracting element - resistive element
- resistor element
- resolvable elements
- resonant element
- sampling element
- scheduling processing element
- Schrödinger line element
- screen element
- semiconductor element
- sensing element
- sequential logic element
- signal element - standard element
- start element
- stop element
- storage element
- S-type element
- suppression element - telegraph signal element
- temperature element
- temperature-compensated reference element
- tensor element - thick-film element
- thin-film element
- threshold element
- time-varying element
- timing element
- tracer element
- transition element
- tree-branch element
- trimming element
- tse processing element
- tuning element
- two-terminal element
- ultor element
- undriven element
- unidirectional element
- unit element
- voltage-stable element -
11 element
1) элемент; компонент; составная часть; деталь3) pl. основы; фундамент; исходные принципы; первые принципы (напр. науки)4) pl. природные явления•- acoustic radiating element
- active element
- adaptive linear element
- aligning element
- antenna array element
- antenna radiating element
- array element
- asynchronous element
- base functional element
- basic functional element
- beam-shaping element
- bender element
- bilateral element
- bistable element
- branch element
- branching element
- bubble-domain readout element
- C element
- capacitive-storage element
- charge-transfer element
- chevron propagating element
- circuit element
- code element
- collimating element
- common management information service element
- compensating element
- computer element
- control element
- correction element
- coupling element
- current-stable element
- data element
- data transmitting element
- decision element
- decoupling element
- delay element
- depletion element
- destructive readout element
- detector array element
- diagonal matrix element
- diagonal tensor element
- diffused element
- director element
- discrete element
- display element
- distributed element
- distributed-constant element
- domain tip readout element
- doping element
- driven element
- driving element
- dummy element
- EL element
- electrical element
- electroluminescence element
- electronegative element
- electropositive element
- essential elements of information
- excitable element
- Faraday element
- fast element
- feed element
- ferroelectric element
- field-alterable control element
- final control element
- final controlling element
- floating-gate element
- foreign element
- Friele line element
- fusing element
- fuze-setting element
- generating element
- Goto-pair memory element
- governing element
- heat element
- heating element
- Helmholtz line element
- high-speed element
- holographic element
- hook-up wiring element
- IC element
- idempotent element
- identity element
- image element
- impurity element
- inactive element
- initial element
- intracavity laser frequency tuning element
- intracavity laser tuning element
- Kerr element
- key element
- L element
- lexical element
- light-dividing element
- line element
- linear electric current element
- linear magnetic current element
- logic element
- luminous element
- lumped element
- lumped-constant element
- M element
- magnetoresistance bubble readout element
- marking element
- master element
- matrix element
- memory element
- MEMS optical element
- MEMS-based optical element
- message key element
- META element
- microelectromechanical system optical element
- microelectromechanical system-based optical element
- monolithic element
- motor element
- moving meter element
- multi-layer adaptive linear element
- multi-wire element
- negative resistance element
- nondestructive readout element
- nonlinear charge-storage element
- nonlinear element
- N-type element
- off-diagonal matrix element
- off-diagonal tensor element
- optical fiber element
- optoelectronic element
- parasitic element
- pass element
- passive element
- picture element
- piezoelectric element
- piezoelectric-crystal element
- piezoresistive element
- planar Hall-effect bubble readout element
- plug-in element
- point-to-point wiring element
- polarization determining element
- position-finding element
- positioning element
- primary element
- primitive element
- print element
- printed element
- processing element
- propagating element
- propagation element
- R element
- radiating element
- rare-earth element
- rectifying element
- reference element
- reference input element
- reflecting element
- reflector element
- refracting element
- remote operations service element
- resistance element
- resistive element
- resistor element
- resolvable elements
- resonant element
- sampling element
- scheduling processing element
- Schrödinger line element
- screen element
- semiconductor element
- sensing element
- sequential logic element
- signal element
- signal processing element
- spacing element
- standard element
- start element
- stop element
- storage element
- S-type element
- suppression element
- tactile element
- target element
- telegraph signal element
- temperature element
- temperature-compensated reference element
- tensor element
- texture element
- thermoelectric element
- thick-film element
- thin-film element
- threshold element
- time-varying element
- timing element
- tracer element
- transition element
- tree-branch element
- trimming element
- tse processing element
- tuning element
- two-terminal element
- ultor element
- undriven element
- unidirectional element
- unit element
- voltage-stable element
- volume picture elementThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > element
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12 reference
1) ссылка
2) безориентирный
3) образцовой
4) отнесение
5) реперный
6) референция
7) контрольный
8) начальный
9) опорный
10) справка
11) эталон
12) базис отсчета
13) отзыв
14) справочный
15) базовый
16) эталонный
17) координатный
18) координата
– angular reference
– azimuth reference
– frame of reference
– group reference
– point of reference
– reference address
– reference area
– reference azimuth
– reference book
– reference characteristic
– reference chord
– reference color
– reference data
– reference electrode
– reference element
– reference gauge
– reference generator
– reference horizon
– reference instrument
– reference language
– reference level
– reference line
– reference magnet
– reference mark
– reference model
– reference monitor
– reference oscillator
– reference pattern
– reference point
– reference potential
– reference pulse
– reference quantity
– reference scale
– reference set
– reference specimen
– reference standard
– reference substance
– reference table
– reference tape
– reference temperature
– reference to cell
– reference value
– reference voltage
– reference wave
– reference wave-front
– triangle of reference
– visual reference
astronomical frame of reference — система отсчета небесной механики
maintain by reference to gyros — корректировать по гироскопам
reduction to reference condition — приведение к заданным условиям
reference information store — <comput.> фонд справочно-информационный
register reference instruction — команда обращения к регистру
with reference to — со ссылкой на, ссылаясь на
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13 word selection element
network element — элемент схемы; элемент цепи; элемент сети
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14 lumped circuit element
network element — элемент схемы; элемент цепи; элемент сети
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > lumped circuit element
-
15 nominal voltage
- номинальное напряжение химического источника тока
- номинальное напряжение пьезоэлектрического (электромеханического) фильтра
- номинальное напряжение аккумулятора
- номинальное напряжение
- напряжение номинальное
номинальное напряжение
Напряжение, установленное изготовителем для прибора
[ ГОСТ Р 52161. 1-2004 ( МЭК 60335-1: 2001)]
номинальное напряжение Uном, кВ
Номинальное междуфазное напряжение электрической сети, для работы в которой предназначены коммутационные аппараты.
[ ГОСТ Р 52726-2007]
номинальное напряжение
Un
Напряжение, применяемое для обозначения или идентификации системы электроснабжения.
[ ГОСТ Р 51317.4.30-2008 (МЭК 61000-4-30:2008)]EN
rated voltage
voltage assigned to the appliance by the manufacturer
[IEC 60335-1, ed. 4.0 (2001-05)]
rated voltage
quantity value assigned, generally by the manufacturer, for a specified operating condition of a machine
[IEC 60034-18-41, ed. 1.0 (2006-10)]
rated voltage
input or output supply voltage for which equipment is designed or specified
[IEC 88528-11, ed. 1.0 (2004-03)]
rated voltage
specified value of the voltage at the terminals of the machine when operating at a rating. If unidirectional, the voltage is the arithmetic mean of the recurring waveform and if alternating it is the root mean square value of the fundamental frequency component of the recurring waveform
NOTE - In the case of a machine with a protective resistor permanently in series, the resistor is considered as an integral part of the machine
[IEC 60349-1, ed. 1.0 (1999-11)]
rated voltage
the value of voltage assigned by the manufacturer to a component, device or equipment and to which operation and performance characteristics are referred
NOTE - Equipment may have more than one rated voltage value or may have a rated voltage range.
[IEC 62497-1, ed. 1.0 (2010-02)]
rated voltage
reference voltage for which the cable is designed, and which serves to define the electrical tests
NOTE 1 - The rated voltage is expressed by the combination of two values: Uo/U expressed in volts (V):
Uo being the r.m.s. value between any insulated conductor and "earth" (metal covering of the cable or the surrounding medium);
U being the r.m.s. value between any two phase conductors of a multicore cable or of a system of single-core cables.
In an alternating-current system, the rated voltage of a cable is at least equal to the nominal voltage of the system for which it is intended.
This condition applies both to the value Uo and to the value U.
In a direct current system, the nominal voltage of the system is not higher than 1,5 times the rated voltage of the cable.
NOTE 2 - The operating voltage of a system may permanently exceed the nominal voltage of such a system by 10 %. A cable can be used at a 10 % higher operating voltage than its rated voltage if the latter is at least equal to the nominal voltage of the system
[IEC 60245-1, ed. 4.0 (2003-12)]
rated voltage
highest allowable voltage between the conductors in a twin and multi conductor cable, or between one conductor and an electrical conductive screen, or between the two ends of a single core cable, or earth in unscreened cables
[IEC 60800, ed. 3.0 (2009-07)]
rated voltage
the r.m.s. line-to-line voltage under rated conditions
Primary side of input transformer: ULN
Converter input: UVN
Converter output: UaN
Motor voltage: UAN
[IEC 61800-4, ed. 1.0 (2002-09)]
rated voltage
input or output voltage (for three-phase supply, the phase-to-phase voltage) as declared by the manufacturer
[IEC 62040-1, ed. 1.0 (2008-06)]
nominal voltage, Un
voltage by which a system is designated or identified
[IEC 61000-4-30, ed. 2.0 (2008-10)]FR
tension assignée
tension attribuée à l'appareil par le fabricant
[IEC 60335-1, ed. 4.0 (2001-05)]
tension nominale
tension assignée, généraleme<>value of voltage assigned by the manufacturer, to a componentnt par le constructeur pour des conditions spécifiées de fonctionnement de la machine
[IEC 60034-18-41, ed. 1.0 (2006-10)]
tension assignée
tension spécifiée aux bornes de la machine quand celle-ci fonctionne au régime assigné. Dans le cas d'une tension redressée, sa valeur est égale à la valeur moyenne de l'onde périodique. Dans le cas d'une tension alternative, sa valeur est égale à la valeur efficace de la composante fondamentale de l'onde périodique
NOTE - Dans le cas d'une machine équipée d'une résistance de protection connectée en permanence en série, la résistance est considérée comme faisant partie intégrante de la machine
[IEC 60349-1, ed. 1.0 (1999-11)]
tension assignée
valeur de la tension, assignée par le constructeur à un composant, à un dispositif ou à un matériel, et à laquelle on se réfère pour le fonctionnement et pour les caractéristiques fonctionnelles
NOTE - Les matériels peuvent avoir plusieurs valeurs ou une plage de tensions assignées.
[IEC 62497-1, ed. 1.0 (2010-02)]
tension assignée
tension de référence pour laquelle le conducteur ou le câble est prévu et qui sert à définir les essais électriques
NOTE 1 - La tension assignée est exprimée par la combinaison de deux valeurs Uo /U, exprimées en volts (V):
Uo étant la valeur efficace entre l'âme d'un conducteur isolé quelconque et la «terre» (revêtement métallique du câble au milieu environnant);
U étant la valeur efficace entre les âmes conductrices de deux conducteurs de phase quelconques d'un câble multiconducteur ou d'un système de câbles monoconducteurs ou de conducteurs.
Dans un système à courant alternatif, la tension assignée d'un conducteur ou d’un câble est au moins égale à la tension nominale du système pour lequel il est prévu.
Cette condition s'applique à la fois à la valeur Uo et à la valeur U.
Dans un système à courant continu, la tension nominale admise du système n’est pas supérieure à 1,5 fois la tension assignée du conducteur ou du câble.
NOTE 2 - La tension de service d'un système peut en permanence dépasser la tension nominale dudit système de 10 %. Un conducteur ou un câble peut être utilisé à une tension de service supérieure de 10 % à sa tension assignée si cette dernière est au moins égale à la tension nominale du système
[IEC 60245-1, ed. 4.0 (2003-12)]
tension assignée
tension maximale admissible entre les âmes dans un câble ayant une paire ou multi conducteur ou entre une âme et un écran conducteur électrique ou avec la terre pour un câble non écranté ou encore entre les deux extrémités d’un câble à âme unique
[IEC 60800, ed. 3.0 (2009-07)]
tension assignée
valeur efficace de la tension de ligne (entre phases) dans les conditions assignées
Primaire du transformateur d’entrée: ULN
Entrée du convertisseur: UVN
Sortie du convertisseur: UaN
Moteur: UAN
[IEC 61800-4, ed. 1.0 (2002-09)]
tension assignée
tension d’alimentation d’entrée ou de sortie (dans le cas d’une alimentation triphasée, tension entre phases) déclarée par le constructeur
[IEC 62040-1, ed. 1.0 (2008-06)]
tension nominale, Un
tension par laquelle un réseau est désigné ou identifié
[IEC 61000-4-30, ed. 2.0 (2008-10)]Тематики
- аппарат, изделие, устройство...
- высоковольтный аппарат, оборудование...
- прибор электрический
- электроснабжение в целом
Синонимы
- Un
EN
FR
номинальное напряжение пьезоэлектрического (электромеханического) фильтра (Uном, Unom)
Значение входного напряжения, при котором измеряют параметры пьезоэлектрического (электромеханического) фильтра.
[ ГОСТ 18670-84]Тематики
EN
FR
номинальное напряжение химического источника тока
номинальное напряжение
Условное напряжение, определяемое электрохимической системой химического источника тока.
[ ГОСТ 15596-82]EN
nominal voltage
suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an electrochemical system
[IEV number 482-03-31]FR
tension nominale, f
valeur approchée appropriée d’une tension, utilisée pour désigner ou identifier un élément, une batterie, ou un système électrochimique
[IEV number 482-03-31]Тематики
Классификация
>>>Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
- tension nominale, f
1.3.2 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Номинальное напряжение герметичного никель-кадмиевого аккумулятора, равное 1,2 В.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 60622-2010: Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи, содержащие щелочной и другие некислотные электролиты. Герметичные никель-кадмиевые призматические аккумуляторы оригинал документа
3.3.6 номинальное напряжение аккумулятора (nominal voltage): Номинальное напряжение герметичного никель-металл-гидридного аккумулятора, равное 1,2 В.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 61951-2-2007: Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи, содержащие щелочной и другие некислотные электролиты. Портативные герметичные аккумуляторы. Часть 2. Никель-металл-гидрид оригинал документа
3.4 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Подходящее приблизительное значение напряжения, используемое для идентификации напряжения аккумулятора или батареи.
Примечания
1. Номинальное напряжение литиевых аккумуляторов указано в таблице 1.
2. Номинальное напряжение батареи, состоящей из n соединенных последовательно аккумуляторов, равно номинальному напряжению отдельного аккумулятора, увеличенному в n раз.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 61960-2007: Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи, содержащие щелочной и другие некислотные электролиты. Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи литиевые для портативного применения оригинал документа
1.3.2 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Номинальное напряжение открытого никель-кадмиевого аккумулятора с газовой рекомбинацией, равное 1,2 В.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 60623-2008: Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи, содержащие щелочной и другие некислотные электролиты. Аккумуляторы никель-кадмиевые открытые призматические оригинал документа
3.22 напряжение номинальное (nominal voltage): Максимально приближенное значение напряжения, принятое для удобства обозначения и идентификации аккумулятора или батареи одной электрохимической системы.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 62485-2-2011: Батареи аккумуляторные и установки батарейные. Требования безопасности. Часть 2. Стационарные батареи оригинал документа
3.2 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Номинальное напряжение открытого никель-кадмиевого аккумулятора с газовой рекомбинацией, равное 1,2 В.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 62259-2007: Аккумуляторы и аккумуляторные батареи, содержащие щелочной и другие некислотные электролиты. Аккумуляторы никель-кадмиевые призматические с газовой рекомбинацией оригинал документа
3.15 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Соответствующее приблизительное значение напряжения, которое используют при проектировании или идентификации элемента, батареи или электрохимической системы.
[IEV 482-03-31:2004]
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 60086-4-2009: Батареи первичные. Часть 4. Безопасность литиевых батарей оригинал документа
3.10 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Соответствующее приблизительное значение напряжения, которое используют для идентификации первичной батареи.
Источник: ГОСТ Р МЭК 60086-5-2009: Батареи первичные. Часть 5. Безопасность батарей с водным электролитом оригинал документа
3.18 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage) Un: Напряжение, применяемое для обозначения или идентификации системы электроснабжения.
Источник: ГОСТ Р 51317.4.30-2008: Электрическая энергия. Совместимость технических средств электромагнитная. Методы измерений показателей качества электрической энергии оригинал документа
3.17 номинальное напряжение (nominal voltage): Номинальное значение напряжения, которое определяет тип источника питания.
Источник: ГОСТ Р 55266-2012: Совместимость технических средств электромагнитная. Оборудование сетей связи. Требования и методы испытаний оригинал документа
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > nominal voltage
-
16 схема опорного напряжения
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > схема опорного напряжения
-
17 tube
2) патрубок4) туннель5) англ. метро(политен)6) резин. камера ( шины или рукава)7) резин. шприцевать трубчатую заготовку9) футляр, гильза ( сухого элемента)10) эл. вентиль14) электронно-лучевой прибор, ЭЛП15) электронно-лучевая трубка, ЭЛТ17) лупа (напр. визирная)18) губа, тюбик•-
acorn tube
-
afterglow tube
-
air tube
-
airspeed tube
-
aligned-grid tube
-
all-metal tube
-
all-rubber tube
-
amplification tube
-
annular tubes
-
attenuator tube
-
augmentor tube
-
backward-wave tube
-
ballast tube
-
bantam tube
-
Barkhausen-Kurz tube
-
Barkhausen tube
-
barometer tube
-
bead tube
-
beam tube
-
beam-deflection selector tube
-
beam-indexing tube
-
beam-power tube
-
beam-storage tube
-
beam-switching tube
-
bipotential cathode-ray tube
-
bipotential tube
-
black-and-white picture tube
-
blast tube
-
blind-end tube
-
blocking tube
-
boiling tube
-
bottom-guide tube
-
Bourdon tube
-
branch tube
-
Braun tube
-
bridge wall tubes
-
bubble tube
-
butt-ended tube
-
calandria tube
-
calming tube
-
camera tube
-
casing tube
-
casting tube
-
cathode-ray memory tube
-
cathode-ray tube
-
cell-type tube
-
center air tube
-
charge-storage tube
-
choke tube
-
Christophorsen tube
-
chromatron tube
-
cigarette tube
-
clad tube
-
clean tube
-
cloth-inserted tube
-
coiled tubes
-
cold-cathode tube
-
collapsible tube
-
color cathode-ray tube
-
color picture tube
-
concentric draft tube
-
contactor tube
-
contact tube
-
continuous tube
-
convergent short tube
-
convergent tube
-
converging tube
-
convoluted tube
-
corona-discharge tube
-
corona tube
-
counter tube
-
cracking tube
-
crossed-field tube
-
crossover tube
-
cutting oxygen tube
-
damper tube
-
dark-trace tube
-
decade counter tube
-
delta gun shadow mask tube
-
density-modulated tube
-
detonator tube
-
dipper tube
-
direct viewing tube
-
direct view tube
-
directional-beam X-ray tube
-
direct-viewing storage tube
-
direct-view storage tube
-
discharge tube
-
display storage tube
-
display tube
-
dissector tube
-
distillation tube
-
diverging tube
-
double-gun cathode-ray tube
-
double-walled tube
-
draft tube
-
drainage tube
-
drain tube
-
drawdown tube
-
dredging tube
-
drying tube
-
elbow-type draft tube
-
elbow draft tube
-
electrical-signal storage tube
-
electric-signal storage tube
-
electrode cooling tube
-
electrometer tube
-
electron-beam tube
-
electronic tube
-
electron-multiplier tube
-
electrostatic memory tube
-
emulsion tube
-
end-window counter tube
-
erect image focusing tube
-
evaporating tube
-
exhaust tube
-
extension tube
-
externally quenched counter tube
-
fabric tube
-
Faraday tube
-
fast-screen cathode-rat tube
-
feeder tube
-
fence tube
-
filler tube
-
fire tube
-
flame tube
-
flange tube
-
flared-type draft tube
-
flash tube
-
flat tube
-
flat-ended tube
-
flat-faced tube
-
flat-screen tube
-
flexible metal tube
-
flow tube
-
fluorescent tube
-
fluted tube
-
flux-feed tube
-
flux tube
-
flying spot scanning tube
-
focusing tube
-
fractional distillating tube
-
fuel tube
-
fuel-element charging tube
-
fuel-element discharge tube
-
fuel-element transfer tube
-
fuel-port tube
-
furnace tube
-
fuse tube
-
gas-discharge tube
-
gas-filled counter tube
-
gas-flow counter tube
-
Geiger-Muller counter tube
-
Geiger counter tube
-
glow tube
-
glow-discharge tube
-
grid-glow tube
-
grilled tube
-
grout tube
-
guide tube
-
halogen tube
-
heavy-end tube
-
heavy-fin tube
-
heavy-walled tube
-
helical welded tube
-
high-vacuum tube
-
high-velocity camera tube
-
hot-cathode tube
-
image camera tube
-
image pickup tube
-
image tube
-
image-converter tube
-
image-dissector tube
-
image-intensifier tube
-
impact tube
-
indicator tube
-
inductance tube
-
inflatable rubber tube
-
injection tube
-
inlet tube
-
in-line gun color picture tube
-
in-line color picture tube
-
in-line picture tube
-
inner tube
-
insulating tube
-
internally pressurized tube
-
ionization-gage tube
-
isosceles triangular tube
-
lance tube
-
Lawrence tube
-
lens tube
-
level tube
-
lift tube
-
line-focus tube
-
local-oscillator tube
-
longitudinal welded tube
-
low-fin tube
-
low-velocity camera tube
-
L-shape tube
-
luminescent tube
-
luminescent-screen tube
-
luminous discharge tube
-
magnetic-focusing tube
-
Maxwell tube
-
mechanically controlled tube
-
memory cathode-ray tube
-
memory tube
-
mercury pool tube
-
mercury-arc tube
-
miniature tube
-
mixer tube
-
mixing tube
-
Mojonnier tube
-
mold tube
-
Moody spreading draft tube
-
Moody draft tube
-
M-type tube
-
multielectrode tube
-
multigun cathode-ray tube
-
multigun tube
-
multiple tube
-
multiplier tube
-
multistage X-ray tube
-
neon tube
-
night-sight tube
-
nitrometer tube
-
Nixie tube
-
nonuniformly heated tube
-
oscillating tube
-
oscillograph tube
-
O-type tube
-
outlet tube
-
panoramic X-ray tube
-
parent tube
-
pastes tube
-
penetration tube
-
phase-shifter tube
-
photoelectric tube
-
photoflash tube
-
photomultiplier tube
-
photosensitive tube
-
pickup tube
-
picture tube
-
PIL type tube
-
PIL tube
-
Pitot tube
-
plumbicon tube
-
poison tube
-
polyallomer tube
-
polycarbonate tube
-
pool-cathode tube
-
pool tube
-
power tube
-
precision in-line tube
-
preheating oxygen tube
-
pressure tube
-
process tube
-
projection tube
-
proportional counter tube
-
protector tube
-
proximity-focused image tube
-
puncture-sealing tube
-
pyrometer tube
-
radiant section tubes
-
radiant tubes
-
radiation counter tube
-
radio tube
-
reactance tube
-
recording cathode-ray tube
-
recording tube
-
regulating tube
-
reserve tube
-
return tube
-
revolving tube
-
riffled tube
-
rigid tube
-
road-draft tube
-
roof radiant tubes
-
rotating-anode X-ray tube
-
rough tube
-
rubber tube
-
rudder tube
-
run resist tube
-
safety inner tube
-
sampling tube
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scaffold tube
-
screen tubes
-
scupper tube
-
seamless drawn tube
-
seamless tube
-
SEC tube
-
sectional X-ray tube
-
self-quenched counter tube
-
shaft tube
-
shielded tube
-
shock tube
-
silicon diode-array camera tube
-
silicon camera tube
-
silicon-intensifier target tube
-
siphon draft tube
-
sleeve tube
-
slot-mask tube
-
smooth-wall tube
-
snorkel tube
-
snow sampling tube
-
snow tube
-
softening point tubes
-
solid tube
-
space-charge-wave tube
-
stabilitron tube
-
stationary-anode X-ray tube
-
steam tube
-
steam-generating tube
-
steering tube
-
stern tube
-
stopper tube
-
storage cathode-ray tube
-
storage tube
-
straight draft tube
-
stream tube
-
strip-phosphor tube
-
suction tube
-
switching tube
-
tank breather tubes
-
television picture tube
-
television tube
-
tension tube
-
test tube
-
thermometer tube
-
thief tube
-
thin-walled tube
-
three-gun color picture tube
-
thruster tube
-
tire inner tube
-
torch tube
-
transition tube
-
transverse-field traveling-wave tube
-
traveling-wave tube
-
trigger tube
-
tripotential cathode-ray tube
-
tripotential tube
-
tube of current
-
tube of electric force
-
tube of flow
-
tube of magnetic flux
-
tube of magnetic force
-
twisting tube
-
twist tube
-
uniformly heated tube
-
U-V fluorescent tube
-
vacuum tube
-
vacuum-gage tube
-
valve tube
-
vapor delivery tube
-
vapor tube
-
Venturi tube
-
vidicon camera tube
-
vidicon tube
-
voltage-reference tube
-
voltage-regulating tube
-
wall radiant tubes
-
wall tube
-
waterwall tube
-
Williams tube
-
wire-reinforced plastic tube
-
wiring tube
-
X-ray tube
-
x-y shutter tube -
18 circuit
1) схема; цепь; контур2) эл. сеть4) шлейф ( в телефонии)•to track circuits — сопрягать контуры-
in-line hydraulic circuit
-
tee-test hydraulic circuit
-
absorption circuit
-
ac circuit
-
active circuit
-
adapter circuit
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adder circuit
-
addressing circuit
-
aerial circuit
-
aerodrome circuit
-
aerodrome taxi circuit
-
aerodrome traffic circuit
-
aeromagnetic circuit
-
alarm circuit
-
alive circuit
-
amplifying circuit
-
analogous circuit
-
analog circuit
-
ancillary circuit
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AND circuit
-
AND-to-OR circuit
-
AND-OR circuit
-
anticoincidence circuit
-
antihunt circuit
-
antireciprocal circuit
-
antiresonance circuit
-
antiresonant circuit
-
aperiodic circuit
-
approach circuit
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astable circuit
-
autodyne circuit
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automatic frequency control circuit
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automatic reciprocation pneumatic circuit
-
auxiliary circuit
-
auxiliary coolant circuit
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averaging circuit
-
back-to-back circuit
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balanced circuit
-
balancing circuit
-
bias and erase circuit
-
bias circuit
-
bidirectional hydraulic motor circuit
-
bipolar circuit
-
bistable circuit
-
black-level restoring circuit
-
blanking circuit
-
blasting circuit
-
blocking circuit
-
booster hydraulic circuit
-
bound circuit
-
boxcar circuit
-
brake retraction circuit
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branched circuit
-
branch circuit
-
breadboard circuit
-
break circuit
-
bridge circuit
-
bridged circuit
-
broken circuit
-
bubble circuit
-
bucket-brigade circuit
-
buffer circuit
-
burst-gating circuit
-
calibrating circuit
-
call circuit
-
carrier recovery circuit
-
cascode circuit
-
cavity circuit
-
charge circuit
-
charge-coupied device circuit
-
charging circuit
-
checkout circuit
-
cholesteric circuit
-
chopping circuit
-
chromatic circuit
-
circulating lubrication circuit
-
clamp circuit
-
cleaning circuit
-
clearing circuit
-
clipping circuit
-
clocked circuit
-
closed circuit
-
close circuit
-
closed loop circuit
-
closed loop hydraulic motor circuit
-
coaxial circuit
-
code track circuit
-
coincidence circuit
-
color-killer circuit
-
color-processing circuit
-
combination air-oil circuit
-
combinational circuit
-
common-base circuit
-
common-collector circuit
-
common-drain circuit
-
common-emitter circuit
-
common-gate circuit
-
common-source circuit
-
communication circuit
-
comparator circuit
-
compensating circuit
-
complementary circuit
-
completed circuit
-
composite circuit
-
condensate circuit
-
control circuit
-
convergence circuit
-
coolant circuit
-
cooling short circuit
-
cord circuit
-
correcting circuit
-
counter circuit
-
coupled circuits
-
cross rectifier circuit
-
crushing circuit
-
current circuit
-
current-feedback circuit
-
current-limiting circuit
-
current-limit circuit
-
damping circuit
-
Danington circuit
-
dc circuit
-
dead circuit
-
decision making circuit
-
decision circuit
-
decoding circuit
-
decoupling circuit
-
dedicated circuit
-
de-emphasis circuit
-
degaussing circuit
-
degenerative circuit
-
delay circuit
-
delta circuit
-
derived circuit
-
detecting circuit
-
detuned circuit
-
dial toll circuit
-
dial-up circuit
-
differentiating circuit
-
digital circuit
-
diplex circuit
-
direct circuit
-
direct speech circuit
-
discharge circuit
-
distributed-element circuit
-
dividing circuit
-
double-rail track circuit
-
drive circuit
-
driver circuit
-
dual circuit
-
dual-relief braking hydraulic motor circuit
-
duplex circuit
-
dynamic braking circuit
-
earthed circuit
-
earth circuit
-
edge-activated circuit
-
electric circuit
-
electrical safety circuit
-
electrolysis circuit
-
electronic circuit
-
emphasis circuit
-
enabling circuit
-
energized circuit
-
engineering circuit
-
enhancement circuit
-
equilization circuit
-
equivalent circuit
-
error correcting circuit
-
evaporating circuit
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exciting circuit
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exclusive OR circuit
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exposure control circuit
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exposure measuring circuit
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external circuit
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external load circuit
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fallback circuit
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feed circuit
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feed motor circuit
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feedback circuit
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feedrate override circuit
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filament circuit
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filter hydraulic circuit
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firing circuit
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flip-flop circuit
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flotation circuit
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flow circuit
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fluid circuit
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forked circuit
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four-terminal circuit
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four-wire circuit
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frame-scanning circuit
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free-running circuit
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frequency determining circuit
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frequency-changing circuit
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full-wave circuit
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gain circuit
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gas circuit
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gate circuit
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grinding circuit
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ground short circuit
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grounded circuit
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ground circuit
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half-duplex circuit
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half-phantom circuit
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half-wave circuit
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half-wave track circuit
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heat transport main circuit
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heater circuit
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holding circuit
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horizontal scanning circuit
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hotline circuit
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hybrid-type circuit
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hybrid circuit
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hydraulic circuit
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hydraulic servo circuit
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identification circuit
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idler circuit
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ignition circuit
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ignition primary circuit
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ignition secondary circuit
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impulse circuit
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impulsing circuit
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incoming track circuit
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inductive circuit
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inhibit circuit
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input circuit
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insulated circuit
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integrated circuit
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integrating circuit
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intentional short circuit
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interface circuit
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interlocking circuit
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interlock circuit
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international television circuit
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inverter circuit
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invert circuit
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iron circuit
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jointless pulse track circuit
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junction circuit
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keep-alive circuit
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ladder circuit
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lagging circuit
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latching circuit
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LC circuit
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leakage circuit
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leak circuit
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leased circuit
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level circuit
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linear circuit
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linearizing circuit
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line-scanning circuit
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line-to-ground short circuit
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live circuit
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load circuit
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locking circuit
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locking hydraulic circuit
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locking track circuit
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logic circuit
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long-distance transmission circuit
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loop circuit
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low-loss circuit
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lumped-element lumped-parameter circuit
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lumped lumped-parameter circuit
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lumped-element circuit
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lumped circuit
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magnetic circuit
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magnetic-core circuit
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main circuit
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majority circuit
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make circuit
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matching circuit
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match circuit
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matrix circuit
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maximum power control circuit
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measuring circuit
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memory circuit
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mesh circuit
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metallic circuit
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meter-current circuit
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metering circuit
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meter-voltage circuit
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microelectronic circuit
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microwave circuit
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molecular circuit
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monitoring circuit
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monostable circuit
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motor control circuit
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multidrop circuit
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multiplication circuit
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multipoint circuit
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multistable circuit
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multistage circuit
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muting circuit
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NAND circuit
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narrowband circuit
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network circuit
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neutral track circuit
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neutralizing circuit
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noise-balancing circuit
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noninductive circuit
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NOR circuit
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NOT circuit
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NOT-AND circuit
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NOT-OR circuit
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offset compensating circuit
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one-pole circuit
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one-rail track circuit
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one-wire circuit
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open circuit
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open loop circuit
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open-wire circuit
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OR circuit
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order wire circuit
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OR-ELSE circuit
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oscillating circuit
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oscillation circuit
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oscillatory circuit
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output circuit
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overflux circuit
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overhead circuit
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packaged circuit
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paging circuit
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parallel circuit
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parallel-resonant circuit
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parallel-series circuit
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passive circuit
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peak white-limiting circuit
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peaking circuit
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phantom circuit
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phase switching circuit
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phase-comparison circuit
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phase-compensating circuit
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phase-equalizing circuit
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phase-inverting circuit
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phase-sensitive track circuit
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phase-shifting circuit
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phase-shift circuit
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pilot circuit
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pneumatic circuit
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points control circuit
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points track circuit
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point-to-point circuit
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polarity circuit
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polarized track circuit
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polling circuit
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polyphase circuit
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potential circuit
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power circuit
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precharge circuit
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precision timing circuit
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pressure control hydraulic circuit
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primary circuit
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primary coolant circuit
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printed circuit
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protection circuit
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pulse circuit
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pulse-shaping circuit
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pump unloading hydraulic circuit
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pumping circuit
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pump circuit
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push-pull circuit
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push-to-type circuit
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quadruplex circuit
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radiation-hardened circuit
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radio communication circuit
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radio circuit
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RC circuit
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reaction circuit
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reaction track circuit
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reactive circuit
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reclosing circuit
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rectification circuit
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reference circuit
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reflex circuit
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regenerative circuit
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register mark recognition circuit
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regrinding circuit
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regulating circuit
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rejector circuit
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relay circuit
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relay contact switching circuit
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relay contact circuit
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remote-ring circuit
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replenishing hydraulic motor circuit
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reset circuit
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resonance circuit
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retaining circuit
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return circuit
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ring circuit
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ringing circuit
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route locking circuit
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sample circuit
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sample-and-hold circuit
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sampler circuit
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scaling circuit
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scanning circuit
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schematic circuit
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screening circuit
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secondary circuit
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secondary coolant circuit
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selecting circuit
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selection circuit
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self-bias circuit
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self-checking circuit
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self-holding circuit
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self-test circuit
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semiconductor circuit
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separation circuit
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sequencing circuit
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series circuit
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series-resonant circuit
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series-tuned circuit
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service circuit
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shell circuit
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shifting circuit
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short circuit
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shunt circuit
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shutoff circuit
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signal circuit
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signaling circuit
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simplex circuit
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single-phase circuit
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single-rail track circuit
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single-wire circuit
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slow-wave circuit
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smoothing circuit
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sneak circuit
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solid-state circuit
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solid circuit
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spare circuit
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speaker circuit
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speed regulating circuit
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squelch circuit
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standby circuit
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star-connected circuit
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starting circuit
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station conventional track circuit
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steady energy track circuit
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stripline circuit
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strip circuit
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subcarrier recovery circuit
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subtransmission circuit
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superconducting circuit
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supply circuit
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suppression circuit
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sustained short circuit
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sweep circuit
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switched circuit
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switching circuit
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symbolic circuit
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symmetrical circuit
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symmetric circuit
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synchronization circuit
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synchronizing hydraulic circuit
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synchronous circuit
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table circuit
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tank circuit
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tap circuit
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tapped circuit
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T-circuit
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telegraph circuit
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telephone circuit
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temperature stabilized circuit
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tension sensing circuit
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terminal circuit
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test circuit
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thickening circuit
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three-phase circuit
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threshold circuit
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throttled circuit
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through circuit
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tilt kickout hydraulic circuit
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time-base circuit
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time-delay circuit
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timer circuit
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time-slot assigner circuit
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timing circuit
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toll circuit
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tool selector circuit
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toroidal magnetic circuit
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touch sensing circuit
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track circuit
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train dispatching circuit
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transient short circuit
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transmission hydraulic circuit
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trap circuit
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tree circuit
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triggering circuit
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trigger circuit
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trouble-detecting circuit
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trunk circuit
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tube circuit
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tuned circuit
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two-port circuit
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two-state circuit
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two-terminal circuit
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two-wire circuit
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unbalanced circuit
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unidirectional hydraulic motor circuit
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unipolar circuit
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vertical-scanning circuit
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virtual circuit
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voltage-feedback circuit
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warning circuit
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white clip circuit
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wideband circuit
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wire circuit
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wired AND circuit
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wired circuit
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wired OR circuit
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wye-connected circuit
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wye circuit
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zero-lose circuit -
19 converter
2) метал. конвертер5) конвертор, блок транспонирования частоты6) текст. конвертер, лентоштапелирующая машина7) пищ. осахариватель (крахмала, солода и т. п.)•-
AC/DC converter
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acid Bessemer converter
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a-d converter
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analog-digital-analog converter
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analog-to-binary converter
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analog-to-digital converter
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arc converter
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async-to-sync converter
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baby Bessemer converter
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baffle-plate converter
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balanced-to-unbalanced converter
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balanced converter
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barrel converter
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basic Bessemer converter
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binary-to-analog converter
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booster converter
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bottom-blowing converter
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bridge converter
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buck converter
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buck-boosting converter
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buck-boost converter
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cartesian-to-polar converter
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cascade converter
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catalyst converter
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code converter
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commutating-pole converter
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commutator-type frequency converter
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commutator frequency converter
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compound converter
-
d-a converter
-
dc converter
-
dc-to-ac converter
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dc-to-dc converter
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digital scan converter
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digital standards converter
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digital-to-analog converter
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dither d-a converter
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five element converter
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flash a-d converter
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fluid converter
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frequency converter
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frequency-to-number converter
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frequency-to-voltage converter
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heterodyne converter
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hightorque capacity converter
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homodyne converter
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image converter
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image transfer standards converter
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impedance converter
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induction frequency converter
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infrared to visible image converter
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infrared image converter
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infrared converter
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inverted rotary converter
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inverted synchronous converter
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language converter
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lens converter
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level converter
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line-balance converter
-
lock-up torque converter
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logarithmic converter
-
logic-level converter
-
magnetooptic converter
-
mercury-arc converter
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microprocessor-controlled converter
-
mode converter
-
navigation coordinate converter
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neutron-flux converter
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number converter
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number-to-frequency converter
-
number-to-time converter
-
number-to-voltage converter
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OLP converter
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optical standards converter
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oxygen-lime-powder converter
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parallel-to-serial converter
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parametric converter
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phase converter
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photoelectric converter
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position-to-number converter
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power converter
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pulse converter
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push-pull converter
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Raman frequency converter
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ramp-type converter
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ramp converter
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reactance converter
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reference d-a converter
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renewable energy converter
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rotary converter
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rotary phase converter
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self-commutated converter
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semiconductor converter
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serial-to-parallel converter
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shaft position-to-digital converter
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shaft-to-digital converter
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shaft position-to-digit converter
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shaft-to-digit converter
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side-blown converter
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signal data converter
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signal converter
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single bandgap photovoltaic converter
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single-armature converter
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single-stage torque converter
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smart converter
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solar energy converter
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solar-chemical converter
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spin-flip converter
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static converter
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static frequency converter
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stationary oxygen converter
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steam-oxygen converter
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succesive-approximation a-d converter
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switching converter
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synchronous converter
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television standards converter
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temperature converter
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thermal converter
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thermocouple converter
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thermoelectric converter
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thyristor converter
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time-to-number converter
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time-to-pulse converter
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top-blown converter
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torque converter
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tulip converter
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twin-turbine torque converter
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two-phase torque converter
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upright converter
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valve-type frequency converter
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valve frequency converter
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variable capacity torque converter
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vibrating-reed converter
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vibratory converter
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vibrator converter
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VLN converter
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voltage-to-digital converter
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voltage-to-digit converter
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voltage-to-frequency converter
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voltage-to-number converter
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wave converter -
20 electric arc phenomenon
явление электрической дуги
-
[Интент]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
Electric arc phenomenon
The electric arc is a phenomenon which takes place as a consequence of a discharge which occurs when the voltage between two points exceeds the insulating strength limit of the interposed gas; then, in the presence of suitable conditions, a plasma is generated which carries the electric current till the opening of the protective device on the supply side.
Gases, which are good insulating means under normal conditions, may become current conductors in consequence of a change in their chemical-physical properties due to a temperature rise or to other external factors.
To understand how an electrical arc originates, reference can be made to what happens when a circuit opens or closes.
During the opening phase of an electric circuit the contacts of the protective device start to separate thus offering to the current a gradually decreasing section; therefore the current meets growing resistance with a consequent rise in the temperature.
As soon as the contacts start to separate, the voltage applied to the circuit exceeds the dielectric strength of the air, causing its perforation through a discharge.
The high temperature causes the ionization of the surrounding air which keeps the current circulating in the form of electrical arc. Besides thermal ionization, there is also an electron emission from the cathode due to the thermionic effect; the ions formed in the gas due to the very high temperature are accelerated by the electric field, strike the cathode, release energy in the collision thus causing a localized heating which generates electron emission.
The electrical arc lasts till the voltage at its ends supplies the energy sufficient to compensate for the quantity of heat dissipated and to maintain the suitable conditions of temperature. If the arc is elongated and cooled, the conditions necessary for its maintenance lack and it extinguishes.
Analogously, an arc can originate also as a consequence of a short-circuit between phases. A short-circuit is a low impedance connection between two conductors at different voltages.
The conducting element which constitutes the low impedance connection (e.g. a metallic tool forgotten on the busbars inside the enclosure, a wrong wiring or a body of an animal entered inside the enclosure), subject to the difference of potential is passed through by a current of generally high value, depending on the characteristics of the circuit.
The flow of the high fault current causes the overheating of the cables or of the circuit busbars, up to the melting of the conductors of lower section; as soon as the conductor melts, analogous conditions to those present during the circuit opening arise. At that point an arc starts which lasts either till the protective devices intervene or till the conditions necessary for its stability subsist.
The electric arc is characterized by an intense ionization of the gaseous means, by reduced drops of the anodic and cathodic voltage (10 V and 40 V respectively), by high or very high current density in the middle of the column (of the order of 102-103 up to 107 A/cm2), by very high temperatures (thousands of °C) always in the middle of the current column and – in low voltage - by a distance between the ends variable from some microns to some centimeters.
[ABB]Явление электрической дуги
Электрическая дуга между двумя электродами в газе представляет собой физическое явление, возникающее в тот момент, когда напряжения между двумя электродами превышает значение электрической прочности изоляции данного газа.
При наличии подходящих условий образуется плазма, по которой протекает электрический ток. Ток будет протекать до тех пор, пока на стороне электропитания не сработает защитное устройство.
Газы, являющиеся хорошим изолятором, при нормальных условиях, могут стать проводником в результате изменения их физико-химических свойств, которые могут произойти вследствие увеличения температуры или в результате воздействия каких-либо иных внешних факторов.
Для того чтобы понять механизм возникновения электрической дуги, следует рассмотреть, что происходит при размыкании или замыкании электрической цепи.
При размыкании электрической цепи контакты защитного устройства начинают расходиться, в результате чего постепенно уменьшается сечение контактной поверхности, через которую протекает ток.
Сопротивление электрической цепи возрастает, что приводит к увеличению температуры.
Как только контакты начнут отходить один от другого, приложенное напряжение превысит электрическую прочность воздуха, что вызовет электрический пробой.
Высокая температура приведет к ионизации воздуха, которая обеспечит протекание электрического тока по проводнику, представляющему собой электрическую дугу. Кроме термической ионизации молекул воздуха происходит также эмиссия электронов с катода, вызванная термоэлектронным эффектом. Образующиеся под воздействием очень высокой температуры ионы ускоряются в электрическом поле и бомбардируют катод. Высвобождающаяся, в результате столкновения энергия, вызывает локальный нагрев, который, в свою очередь, приводит к эмиссии электронов.
Электрическая дуга длится до тех пор, пока напряжение на ее концах обеспечивает поступление энергии, достаточной для компенсации выделяющегося тепла и для сохранения условий поддержания высокой температуры. Если дуга вытягивается и охлаждается, то условия, необходимые для ее поддержания, исчезают и дуга гаснет.
Аналогичным образом возникает дуга в результате короткого замыкания электрической цепи. Короткое замыкание представляет собой низкоомное соединение двух проводников, находящихся под разными потенциалами.
Проводящий элемент с малым сопротивлением, например, металлический инструмент, забытый на шинах внутри комплектного устройства, ошибка в электромонтаже или тело животного, случайно попавшего в комплектное устройство, может соединить элементы, находящиеся под разными потенциалами, в результате чего через низкоомное соединение потечет электрический ток, значение которого определяется параметрами образовавшейся короткозамкнутой цепи.
Протекание большого тока короткого замыкания вызывает перегрев кабелей или шин, который может привести к расплавлению проводников с меньшим сечением. Как только проводник расплавится, возникает ситуация, аналогичная размыканию электрической цепи. Т. е. в момент размыкания возникает дуга, которая длится либо до срабатывания защитного устройства, либо до тех пор, пока существуют условия, обеспечивающие её стабильность.
Электрическая дуга характеризуется интенсивной ионизацией газов, что приводит к падению анодного и катодного напряжений (на 10 и 40 В соответственно), высокой или очень высокой плотностью тока в середине плазменного шнура (от 102-103 до 107 А/см2), очень высокой температурой (сотни градусов Цельсия) всегда в середине плазменного шнура и низкому падению напряжения при расстоянии между концами дуги от нескольких микрон до нескольких сантиметров.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > electric arc phenomenon
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